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Travmaya Psikolojik Tepkiler ve Bunlara Yaklaşım

Yeteri kadar tehdit edici olan bir olayla karşılaşan herkeste travma sonrası stres bozukluğu ortaya çıkabilir. Ancak her birey olaya farklı tepkiler gösterebilir.

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Kaynaklar:

American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th Ed., Washington DC.

Adams P. R. & Adams G. R. (1984) Mount Saint Helens’s ashfall: Evidence for stress reaction. American Psychologist, 39, 252-260.

Arslan, L., Verhulst, F. C., Van der Ende & Erol, N. (1997). Understanding childhood (problem) behaviors from a cultural perspective: Comparison of problem behaviors and competencies in Turkish immigrant, Turkish and Dutch children. Social Psychiatry and Social Epidemiology, 32, 477-484.

Band, E. B. & Weisz, J. R. (1988) How to feel better when it feels bad: Children’s perspectives on coping with everyday stress. Developmental Psychopathology, 24, 247-253.

Erol, N., Şahin, N. & Özcebe, H. (1990). Çocukluk korkuları-Korku tarama ölçeğinin psikometrik özellikleri ve gecekondu kesimine ilişkin norm çalışması. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 1, 31-38.

Erol, N. & Şahin, N. (1995). Fears of children and the cultural context.The Turkish norms. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 4, 85-93.

Fonseca, A., Yule, W. & Erol, N. (1994). Cross-cultural issues. In T.H. Ollendick, N. J. King, W.Yule (Eds). International handbook of phobic and anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. New York: Plenium Press.

Janis, I. L. (1982). Stress, attitudes and decisions. New York: Praeger

Nagao, K., Okuyama, M., Miyamato, S., Haba, T. (1995). Treating early mental health and posttraumatic symptoms of children in Hanshin-Awaji earthquake. Acta Pediatrica Japonica, 37, 745-754.

Pynoos, R. S., Goenjian, A., Tashjian, M., Karakashian, M., Manjikian, R., Manoukian, G., Steinberg, A. M. & Fairbanks, L. A. (1993) Post-traumatic stress reactions in children after the 1988 Armenian earthquake. British Journal of Psychiatry, 163, 239-47

Rachman, S. (1980) Emotional proccesing. Behavioral Research and Therapy, 18, 51-60.

Rachman, S. (1997). Anxiety. Psychology Press, UK.

Spence, S.H. (1994). Preventative strategies. In T. H. Ollendick, N. J. King, W. Yule (Eds.) International Handbook of Phobic and Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents, New York: Plenium Press, 453-474.

Ursano, R. J., Fullerton, C.S. & Norwood, A. E. (1999). Psychiatric dimensions of disaster: Patient care, community consultation, and preventive medicine. APA Online, Practice of Psychiatry.

Yule, W. (1991). Work with children following disasters. In Herbert, M. (Ed.) Clinical child psychology: Social learning, development and behavior. Chichester: John Wiley.

Yule, W. (1992). Post traumatic stress disorder in child survivors of shipping disasters: The sinking of ‘Jupiter’. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 57, 200-205.

Yule, W. (1994). Posttraumatic stress disorder. In T. H. Ollendick., N. J. King., W. Yule (Eds.) International Handbook of Phobic and Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents, New York: Plenium Press, 223-240.

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